the correction factor is used because most heat exchangers do not implement true countercurrent contact.
Is the driving force for a pure countercurrent contact pattern in a tubular system. = log mean temperature difference or the temperature driving force, (temperature) = overall heat-transfer coefficient (energy/time-area-temperature) = heat transferred per unit time (energy/time)
Heat transfer across a surface by convection is given by the equation: Conduction and radiation will generally be negligible in large heat exchangers, but radiation will be important in fired heaters. In most heat exchangers, convection will be the dominant mechanism. There are three mechanisms of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation.
3.1.1 Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficient. 2.1.4 Environmental, health, and safety considerations and regulations. 2.1.1 Thermal and hydraulic requirements. The input system contains on-line help and input limit and error checking. FRNC-5PC can simulate the heat recovery sections of all types of furnaces, boilers and turbines.įRNC-5PC has a user-friendly graphical input system and multiple, user-controlled output options, such as heater data sheets, graphical output, spreadsheet output and tabular output. Based on user-supplied heater geometry, combustion data, and process information, the program calculates operating parameters such as firing rate, heater efficiency, tube skin temperatures and required tube thicknesses, gas-side temperatures and draft, process temperatures, pressure drop and flow regimes, heat duties and fluxes, and much more.įRNC-5PC simulates entire radiant sections of most heater types, coil configurations, tube and fin types, ducting, stacks, and external transfer lines. FRNC-5PC is a rating program for general purpose fired heaters.
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